New York, NY: Penguin. While social sciences attempts an objective evaluation of human and social behavior, by its very nature it must grapple with questions of equality, fairness, cohesion, and happiness, and thus, with moral issues. Social media and bullying. Many came back addicted to heroin and other drugs, many were unemployed, and many became homeless. The two atomic bombs dropped by the United States over Japan during World War II killed tens of thousands of civilians. Leitenberg, M. (2006). Identify two social science issues related to education. Partial justice: Women, prisons, and social control. Shah, A. AlterNet. War can lead to various social problems, including child soldier use and homelessness. Tirman, J. Military spending: A poor job creator. Stopping Americas most lethal export. The Nation. Spend Time on Research You should always look for academically proven and reliable sources that you can cite in your essay. Nations also go to war for ideological reasons: they have certain belief systems that lead them to hold prejudice and other hostile feelings toward nations with different belief systems. . A quick calculation shows that about 11 percent of the worlds population died from the Mongolian wars, while 2 percent died from World War II. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. 119 words. Wells, T. (1994). To quote the title of a recent report, military spending is a poor job creator (Hartung, 2012). Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues . New York Times, June 23, p. A19. Job numbers are up, but veterans are left behind. The British Council found in a 2015 study that a majority of professional leaders were graduates of fields in the humanities and social sciences. Edward B. Tylor concluded his survey of human culture with the remark that "the science of culture is essentially a reformer's science" (1958[1871]:539).A. Cost equivalencies illustrate what is lost when so much money is spent on the military, especially on weapons systems that do not work and are not needed. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Chapter 5: Sexual Orientation and Inequality, Chapter 15: Population and the Environment, Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars, http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm, http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm, http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/20/recounting-the-dead, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#1, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Army_51817_ BAGHDAD_-_Iraqi_Soldiers,_with_the_6th_IA_Division,_ familiarize_themselves_with_their_targets_and_prepare_ for_a_PKC_machine_gun_range_at_Combat _Outpost_402,_here,_Sept._28._In_addition_to_ marksmanship.jpg, Chapter 15 Population and the Environment, Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv, http://bangordailynews.com/2011/07/22/health/children-of-deployed-troops-struggle-researchers-find, http://www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325?search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans &town_id=1&sub_type=stories, http://www.cfr.org/defense-policy-and-budget/slashing-americas-defense-suicidal-trajectory/p26989, http://defensenewsstand.com/NewsStand-General/The-INSIDER-Free-Article/dod-new-nuclear-subs-will-cost-347-billion-to-acquire-operate/menu-id-720.html, http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/military-preparedness-does-not-come-cheap/2012/02/05/gIQA5PLfsQ_story.html, http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/nukes/nuclearweapons/nukestatus.html, http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf, http://business.time.com/2012/02/07/why-we-should-help-veterans-start-their-own-businesses/, http://www.denverpost.com/Stories/0,0,36%257E30137%257E,00.html, http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/02/_2013_pentagon_budget_why_so_much_spending_on_big_war_weapons_.html, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#14928131, http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080225120859liameruoy0.9820215.html, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/obamas-damaging-blow-to-our-military/2012/01/12/gIQA3eMhuP_story.html, http://costofwar.com/en/tradeoffs/state/CA/program/11/tradeoff/0, http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering, http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Public-Private-Organizations-Work-to-Help-Thousands-of-Homeless-Veterans-in-NY- 139520143.html, http://servicewomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Rape-Sexual-Assault-and-Sexual-Harassment-in-the-Military.pdf, http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html, http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security, http://www.vvaw.org/veteran/article/?id=823, https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/files/FY2012piechart-color.pdf, http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. China ranked a distant second at $119 billion, followed by the United Kingdom at $60 billion and France at $49 billion (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010). Other types of less obvious social changes have also resulted from various wars. This percentage range is much higher than the 20 percent share of federal spending cited by the government solely for defense outlays. War Resisters League. Gender-related issues have risen over the past years as ideas like feminism and equality become mainstream topics. Herdy, A., & Moffeit, M. (2004). A kid walked up to me and said, Your dads a baby killer. I didnt handle that well. Future research will no doubt build on existing studies to further illuminate this significant problem. The defense industry remains a powerful force in the US economy six decades after Eisenhower issued his warning, and US military spending continues unabated. These more basic causes of war include population change and environmental change. Women veterans face a special problem that most male veterans do not have to fear. Theyre in good shape for the shape theyre in, Sources: Ledbetter, 2011; Vietnam Veterans Against the War, 1971. As Chapter 15 Population and the Environment discussed, population growth may lead to armed conflict of various types, including war, because growing populations need more food, water, and other resources. The suicide rate of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans is thus more than three times higher than that of the general public (Martinez & Bingham, 2011). The samples are almost entirely of women, given their higher risk of being sexually assaulted. Below is a list of interesting social studies research topics that students can use for their papers. To get a more accurate estimate of how many such crimes occur, sound social research is necessary. American war and military operations casualties: Lists and statistics. In Vietnam, Tirman writes, American troops and planes routinely razed villages to the ground, killing villagers indiscriminately, and then evacuated any survivors. The article presents major trends and turning points in the growth of five social science disciplines in the country: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. War is a social phenomenon in which a mixture of motives underlies decisions to go to war. Danner, M. (2006). The U.S. military does not need or want all officers to become social scientist researchers, but applied social science can nevertheless help develop strategic thinking because it: (1) focuses on human behavior and influence; (2) develops comfort with competing theories; (3) requires creativity; and (4) uses evidence and iteration to better . Hartung, W. D. (2012). New York, NY: Routledge. Instances of use of United States forces abroad, 17981993. Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institutes. Most ''observable effects of war on the family are the withdrawal of young men from civilian and their entrance into military life, with a consequent increase in socially disapproved forms of behavior; the entrance of women into industry to replace the men drawn into the armed . The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families We have textbook solutions for you! Very few studies include men in their surveys, but one study reported a 3 percent rate of sexual assault victimization for men while they were in the military. Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation New Dawn (OND), and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) U.S. Casualty Status. Yet some inexorable force seems to impel both governments (and peoples) in that direction. Traditional explorations of war look through the lens of history and military science, focusing on big events, big battles, and big generals. Grimmett, R. E. (2011). The idea is not newin the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars it was articulated, for example, by Tolstoy in the concluding chapter of War and Peace (1865-69). As an economics writer wryly noted, So remember to take pride in American power, and remember that it comes at a very high price. In making this classic macroeconomics decision, the United States has much to learn from the wealthy nations of Europe. Although wars, other armed conflicts, terrorism, and genocide certainly continue, and 100 million is a terribly high number of deaths, the world overall is in fact more peaceful now than in the past. We cannot discuss all of these issues here, but we will highlight some of the most interesting and important. Much of these mandatory expenses are funded by trust funds, such as Social Security taxes, which are raised and spent separately from income taxes. Around the globe, US military bases generate resentment, not security. Federal spending includes both mandatory and discretionary spending. Scholar John Tirman worries that Americans have generally ignored the civilian victims of US wars. These effects are similar to those for civilians, and include anxiety, depression, PTSD, poorer physical health, and poorer job performance (in this case, their military duties). 19 Gathering the right information in small doses provides significantly more strategic awareness versus the reverse. Outline both sides to the debate over the size of the US military budget. Almost half said their family relations were strained and that they often felt irritable or angry; 44 percent said they had problems reentering civilian life; and 37 percent said they had suffered from PTSD. The US employment effects of military and domestic spending priorities: 2011 update. Some relevant global social problems include income inequality (poverty), corruption, the rise in authoritarianism (erosion of democratic values), criminality, unsustainable development, and bullying in schools. Betrayal in the Ranks. Wars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armed conflict. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. US Census Bureau. The Vietnam War marked a time when many Americans became concerned about childrens suffering during wartime. The United States has been at war in one-fifth of the years it has existed (Bumiller, 2010). War has significant impacts, but perhaps most of all on civilians and veterans. This collection was written over a span of forty-four years and is presented in the belief that sociology is a science. Dewan, S. (2011, December 18). appeared first on Yourhomeworksolutions. If this high rate had held true during the twentieth century, 2 billion people would have died in twentieth-century wars rather than the 100 million who did die (Pinker, 2012). A.I.D.E. Another issue would be the stress on the families who have a service member deployed in a war zone . Given the dynamic nature of gang-related violence today, we aim to include empirical and theoretical research . What it means to be a democrat. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. But veterans are casualties in other ways, as the news story that began this chapter made clear. Reid Kasprowicz A Flag for the Fallen CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. . These experts say the military budget is bloated for at least four reasons. Retrieved from http://www.denverpost.com/Stories/0,0,36%257E30137%257E,00.html. When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. Economic gangsters: Corruption, violence, and the poverty of nations. (2011). Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. Drugs may have a significant effect on people's health and emotional issues because of addiction and changes they may have on an individual's behavior in society. It also documents the psychological and health effects of military sexual assault (MSA). Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm; http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm; Hacker, J. D. (2011, September 20). Certainly neither the people nor the gov ernment of the United States desire World War III. Sometimes, as with the US entrance into World War II after Pearl Harbor, these decisions are sincere and based on a perceived necessity to defend a nations people and resources, and sometimes these decisions are based on cynicism and deceit (Solomon, 2006). If warlike tendencies were part of human genetic heritage, these convictions would not exist. World War I again provides an interesting example of such changes. they want to continue a master's program in social sciences and policy implementation. New York, NY: New York Review of Books. the families are worried about their loved ones Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Grand Canyon University Some 400,000 tons of napalm were used altogether. Now, all I see is blood (Herdy & Moffeit, 2004, p. 4). (2011). To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). For example, the deaths of so many soldiers during the American Civil War left many wives and mothers without their familys major breadwinner. Statistical abstract of the United States: 2012. (2012, January 8). Further, it studies six important social issues namely poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, the caste system, gendered violence and communalism by analyzing their causes and the specific measures adopted to combat them. Other experts echo President Eisenhowers concern over the size of the military budget (Bacevich, 2011; Korb, Rothman, & Hoffman, 2012; Lochhead, 2012; Wheeler, 2009). Based on statistics released by the government through its #RealNumbersPH, "drug war" killings increased by over 50 percent during the lockdown months from April to July. Many veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have also come back home with these problems. Why we should help veterans start their own businesses. The cause for despair is twofold. Many examples of this impact exist, but one well-known example involves the defeat of Germany in World War I, which led to a worsening economy during the next decade that in turn helped fuel the rise of Hitler. As this overview of the debate over military spending indicates, the military remains a hot topic more than two decades after the Cold War ended following the demise of the Soviet Union. SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES. (2011). More than 20,000 nuclear warheads now exist; 4,800 are operational and almost 2,000 (held by the United States and Russia) are on high alert, ready to be used at any time (Federation of American Scientists, 2011). It would of course be a curious kind of "understanding" that had no implications for action, and this is perhaps especially true for the social sciences. Veterans with PTSD often end up with problems in their marriages or other relationships and are more likely to commit violence against their spouses or partners. War is sustained armed conflict that causes large-scale loss of life or extreme material destruction (Worrell, 2011, p. 1). The war: A trillion can be cheap. The wealthy European countries that compose the bulk of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an international consortium, spend 2.5 percent of their total economy (gross domestic product, or GDP) on their militaries. Slate. Wrangham, R. W. (2004). But he also notes that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed by American troops against civilians. Some of the social science issues related to war are as follows; the effects of war on the family and the society. Women veterans say that when they do report rape and sexual assault, military officials typically either blame them for what happened, ignore the crime altogether, or give the offender a very mild punishment such as not being allowed to leave a military base for a short period. The high unemployment rate of the Iraq and Afghanistan veterans has made this need even more urgent. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/02/_2013_pentagon_budget_why_so_much_spending_on_big_war_weapons_.html. War also has impact beyond the consequences for civilians and veterans. As one scholar said of the military bases, It makes as much sense for the Pentagon to hold onto 227 military bases in Germany as it would for the post office to maintain a fleet of horses and buggies (vanden Heuvel, 2011). Tirman, J. (2012). Source: First F-35C Flight, Wikipedia, Last modified on November 20, 2011, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv. Social science is the scholarly study of human society and social relationships. Bangor Daily News. Religion is a very important ideology in this regard. Worrell, M. P. (2011). Their poverty forced many of these women to turn to prostitution to earn an income, resulting in a rise in prostitution after the war (Rafter, 1990). A related problem is suicide. This article covers the concept of social issues and highlights the different experiences of rural and urban sectors. New York, NY: Vintage Books. They also say that the stationing of some 300,000 American troops on 865 military bases abroad at the time of this writing, including 81,000 troops in Europe and 220,000 in other nations, is hardly needed to ensure the nations defense. billy martin wife jill, coldwell banker triad real estate school,
Sign Up For Daily Text Alerts Prank, Articles S