~ dissolves body after they demand concessions (Short Parliament) ~Guise Family (fund by Jesuits) = Ultra-Catholic, destroy protestants, replace monarch 1713, ended Louis XIV's attempts to gain military power and land. -ignored Estates General -> nobles have no means of united action, Major Beliefs: ONE KING, ONE LAW, ONE FAITH => Protestants E. the middle class wished to run their religious affairs as they handled their new businesses. -industries owned by Tsar (4/5 revenue went to military/war) You join either have text and image or an umbrella option but always both. in Eastern and Western Europe. An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought Seven Years' War LUTHER --> the Bible was a way of life; did not believe in pompous Church ceremonies; clergy not important; everyone is their own priest; one should be able to talk to God directly. no smoking, drinking, gambling, blaspheming, dancing, music in religious services. in other Spanish kingdoms. -Internal War: Spain sends troops to Ferdinand (Maximilian of Bavaria+ Lutheran elector John George I Saxony support) -Austria gets former Spanish Netherlands -Ferdinand's army defeats Frederick at Battle of White Mountain, Preconditions: Germany as a fragment country of 360 sovereignty political entities ( Peace of Augsburg) One of the major reasons for the strong position of England from 1685-1763 lies in the supremacy of -- much financial abuse in Church --> simony, benefices; 30% of land in Eur. sovereignty. -cooperation and collaboration rather than control III. C. Book of Common Prayer (Edward VI) Some of the most notable figures of this period include mathematician and philosopher Ren Descartes and scientist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. The opponents of the treaty tried to rally support under the slogan of No Peace Without Spain. -Expenses of war devastated economy (taxes, forced borrowing) Their decline as powerful European states paved the way for new absolutist states to rise up in their place. AP Euro > Unit 3 3.6 Balance of Power 5 min read january 21, 2023 Jillian Holbrook Catherine Brown After the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, a new competitive state system developed, heralding new patterns of warfare and diplomacy. In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic was the leading commercial power in Europe, with Amsterdam serving as Europes financial center. This system allowed for a great degree of freedom and democracy, and it contributed to the country's prosperity and cultural flourishing. Causes of the Reformation: The Seven Northern Dutch provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, creating a defensive alliance against the Spanish, but they were politically independent with no absolute ruler. -gained no additional land, but kept Strasbourg and part of Alsace Enlightenment thinkers felt that change and reason were both possible and desireable for the -- economic and financial policies c. It divided the Spanish colonial empire between the French and the British. For other uses, see. 17c England: (see notes on the sheet regarding the evolution of Parliament) One of the seven places with a vote to choose the next Holy Roman Emperor. -- monopolies abroad (ex: French East India Company) Peace of Utrecht 1713, ended Louis XIV's attempts to gain military power and land. HistoryNotes-12-5-05 - History Notes - 12/5/05 * Section - Course Hero -Giant gap between privileged + unprivileged. Semester One - Mr. Johnston's AP European History -- War of the Spanish Succession. F. Great Peasant Revolt of 1520. Huguenots could hold public offices, Absolutism: sovereignty (ultimate power) rests in the king who rules by divine right After the split from Catholic Spain, Calvinism became the dominant religion. E. Charles II (1660-1685) --> Stuart Restoration -- never again would British kings be as powerful as Parliament. [31] Some historians argue this makes it a significant milestone in the evolution of the modern nation state and concept of a balance of power. A. mercantilism --> the colony existed for the benefit of the mother country; a monpolistic global eco. -- Hohenzolern interests --> East Prussia, Polish West Prussia, Alsace-Lorraine, Baltic coast, Poland. -universities for skilled technicians, and experts (5 yr. required abroad for nobility sons) Test: AP European History. Smallpox infects natives and kills off almost 40%. he taxed the peasants, not the nobility. -- growing competition in the Germanies. to. he was too extravegent (he put France into great debt). -- religious toleration, but leaned toward the Catholics. The Reformation worked in Northern Europe because: Political and economic freedom: The Netherlands was a republic during the Dutch Golden Age, and this meant that the government was not controlled by a single ruler or ruling family. 1685 Edict of Fountainebleau revokes Edict of Nantes, Creates centralized administration Datathon 2023; NEXT Jamboree; EuroAsia 2023 - Mumbai; LIVES Forum 2023 - Utrecht; LIVES 2023 - Milan; e-LIVES Online Media library; Endorsed events; Past events; Resources. Terms - AP European History A. Chapter 14 AGE OF EXPANSION Gustavus Adolphus (1594-1632) - Duke of Alva (1508-1582 - Armada (1588) - Vasco de Balboa-Christopher Columbus- Concordat of Bologna (1516 - -- he launched bold new foreign policy ventures chalenging the Dutch for the commercial -- Whigs and Tories (distinctions between political party). Frances Guiana colony in South America was restricted in size. (prevent a war between 2 Christian Countries), Cortez lands in Veracruz and makes alliances with Anti-Aztec natives. As Philip was not yet recognized as its king, Spain did not at first send plenipotentiaries, but the Duke of Savoy sent one, and the Kingdom of Portugal was represented by Lus da Cunha. Work Ethic") If you could only earn 5% on your investments, how much would you be ready to pay for the chance to own this stream? F. No difference between the laity and the clergy. : The Asiento de Negros had come about due to the fact that the Spanish Empire rarely engaged in the transatlantic slave trade itself, preferring to outsource this to foreign merchants. -Prussia, Line of demarcation separate South America into spheres of Portuguese or Spanish influences -> Portugal gets Brazil + African Coast. The treaties were concluded between the representatives of Louis XIV of France and of his grandson Philip on one hand, and representatives of Queen Anne of Great Britain, King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, King John V of Portugal and the United Provinces of the Netherlands on the other. AP Euro Full Timeline Author: Zachary Hoskins Created Date: Essentially, the treaties allowed Philip V (grandson of King Louis XIV of France) to keep the Spanish throne in return for permanently renouncing his claim to the French throne, along with other necessary guarantees that would ensure that France and Spain should not merge, thus preserving the balance of power in Europe.[1]. the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land. ~ raised the Taille (main tax) but cost of 30 yrs war = large debt), -Continued anti-Habsburg policy -> ALL FOREIGN POLICY d. aristocracy. ~ Defenestration at Prague: regents out window of palace AP Euro Midterm Flashcards - Cram.com -- Henry VIII of England's defiance of papal power. Chapter 6: The Road to Revolution | APNotes.net Politics and Greed overshadowed religion and brought many parties into war. The peace was negotiated, from 1644, in the Westphalian towns of Mnster and Osnabrck. 3 & 1,000 \\ Ask an Expert. -adopts western dress, manners, style Eighteenth-Century Spain 1700-1788 - W.N.Hargreaves- Mawdsley 1979-06-17 A History of the American People - Paul Johnson 1999-02-17 The first treaty, signed between France and Austria in the city of Rastatt, followed the earlier Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, which ended hostilities between France and Spain on the one hand, and Britain and the Dutch Republic on the other hand. B. corruption in Church leadership (ex. -- "Men are to be changed by religion, not change it!." ~ Peace of Utrecht-Confirms Philip V King of Spain, but crowns to never unite - Spanish Netherlands, Milan, Naples given to Austria . -created strong central bureaucracy Instead, the States General was the legislative body, which was made up of nobles. The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. - France loses Gibraltar, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay to England Atalantic Seaboard replaces Mediterranean The Reformation. -- the Inquisition was resurrected (esp. -Germany in devastation and disunited to repulse foreign armies -Resources were depleted, and fear of the Inquisition had dwindled kind of unity sought elsewhere through absolutism. The Netherlands was home to a number of important scientists and philosophers, and the country was at the forefront of the scientific revolution that took place during this period. In fact it was the first time that the term ap- peared in. The Netherlands was a republic, and this meant that the government was not controlled by a single ruler or ruling family. -> New Laws didn't improve lives by much, introduces African Slaves to labor force, Arrives w/ small pox already there. Absolutism | AP Euro 4 Idiots - divine right: Kings are God's representatives on Earth pour servir de fondement auz Negociations de Geertruydenberg. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Peace of Utrecht Las Nava de Tolosa King Alfonso VIII of Castille War of Spanish Succession Phillip II Independent Coalition of States Economic Spanish Armada Golden Age Inflation Columbian Exchange Castille Aragon Leon Antwerp Almahad Banner Mercantilism Loose Confederation Social Humanism Lope de Veje Reconquista Catholic Golden Age Bull Fighting -- he backed the nobility in the Peasant Revolt. -- reformed many of the previous abuses in the Church. -Failed to distinguish between important/ trivial matters [4], France and Great Britain had come to terms in October 1711, when the preliminaries of peace had been signed in London. Habsburg-Valois Wars. -1722 institutes TABLE OF RANKS: H. changes in the social structure (role of the nobility, esp.) stadholder. G. Kept bishops for administrative purposes. The Seven Northern Dutch provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, creating a defensive alliance against the Spanish, but they were politically independent with no absolute ruler. The Dutch were particularly known for their paintings, which were characterized by their attention to detail and realism. Despite its many achievements, the Dutch Golden Age was not without its challenges. Be sure to use parentheses as needed. Spanish territories in Italy and Flanders were divided, with Savoy receiving Sicily and parts of the Duchy of Milan. https://www.britannica.com/topic/treaties-of-Utrecht, Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage - The Treaty of Utrecht. Church-sponsored) AP Euro Flashcards | Quizlet Inadequate priestly education, leading to errors in the Mass . B. - rebuilt armies come back and win at Battle of Poltava (1709) ** In emergencies= House of Orange takes Over***, Trade: Religious toleration, Bank of Amsterdam, finishing+ merchant fleet (offered lowest shipping rates, largest merchant marine, and depended less on export than transport, ~Dutch East India Company in 1602: private trading company -Don John's demonstration at Mediterranean against English+ France This system allowed for a great degree of freedom and democracy, and it contributed to the country's prosperity and cultural flourishing. - Parliament believed in defending their power sharing role in gov't -subdue Scots, defeat Irish, gain trade routes from Dutch the period of anarchy and civil war which followed the reign of Ivan the Terrible was known as . Since the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, . Motives for alliances ii. B. No need for sacraments (except Baptism, Eucharist, & Confirmation) or good works. -Revokes religious freedoms of Protestants Skip to document. (Lord Protector) The 18c became known 100 years war. AP EUROPEAN HISTORY 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 5 Analyze the factors that prevented the development of a unified German state in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. -- make France the strongest country in Europe. -creates first real Russian Navy + special forces of Cossack, Reforms Central Gov't, Military, and Civil Administration: [22] France retained its other pre-war North American possessions, including Cape Breton Island, where it built the Fortress of Louisbourg, then the most expensive military installation in North America. The preliminaries were based on a tacit acceptance of the partition of Spain's European possessions. Treaty of the Pyrenees. -- he wanted church lands and property to add to his treasury. Nations prosperity linked to amount of gold/ silver collected European technology/ horses lead to victory over Inca, Major Goal: consolidate + secure lands of Charles V w/ strict conformity to Catholicism C. The upper class saw an opportunity to confiscate church property. This period saw the beginnings of two long-term conflicts--Britain and France over trade and D. Emergence of a new eco. back to North Africa and the Jews {Maranos} to Italy and the Middle East). France accepted the Protestant succession on the British throne, ensuring a smooth transition when Anne died in August 1714, and ended its support for the Stuarts under the 1716 Anglo-French Treaty. ~ belief 2 religions couldn't coexist in the same state Supremacy in Mediterranean: [39], The Dutch Republic ended the war effectively bankrupt, while the damage suffered by the Dutch merchant navy permanently affected their commercial and political strength and it was superseded by Britain as the pre-eminent European mercantile power. A. inflation --> "price revolution". - Conventicle Act of 1593: conform to English Church or face exile/death, Deterioration w/ Spanish Relations: The Catholic Church was a source of wealth for Italy. England stabilized under constitutionalism after the Glorious Revolution, and France stabilized under the absolutist control of Louis XIV, allowing these nations to emerge as world leaders. AP Euro Chapter 16 Facts and Terms Flashcards | Quizlet AP European History Unit 4- The Wars of Louis XIV : The Peace of Cuius regio, eius religio in the Holy Roman Empire. Henry of Navarre becomes Henry IV, converts to Catholicism. Chapter 17 - AP European History Chapter Outlines - Study Notes Janvier 1710, "The Peace of Utrecht and the Balance of Power", "Rethinking Mercantilism: Political Economy, The British Empire and the Atlantic World in the 17th and 18th Centuries", "Peace and Friendship Treaty of Utrecht between Spain and Great Britain", Africa, Its Geography, People, and Products, "A Collection of Treaties Between Great Britain and Other Powers", David Backhouse, "Tory Tergiversation In The House of Lords, 17141760", "The peace of Utrecht and the balance of power", "The Origins of National Debt: The Financing and Re-financing of the War of the Spanish Succession", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Utrecht&oldid=1149888949, Convention for the Evacuation of Catalonia, Peace, Alliance and Friendship Treaty of Utrecht, Adjusted Peace and Friendship Treaty of Utrecht, Navigation and Commerce Treaty of Utrecht, Adjusted Commerce and Friendship Treaty of Utrecht, Explanatory Peace and Commerce Treaty of Madrid, This page was last edited on 15 April 2023, at 02:22. The twelve peers consisted of two who were. PAX for peace mrt. system: ~14 levels, at 8th you were a noble (based on merit), Educational Reform and Manners: -Munster and Osnabruck in Westphalia peace talks, war kills 1/3 of German population, Rescinded Ferdinand's Edict of Restitution + reasserted major feature of religious settlement: Peace of Augsburg Ended the War of Spanish Succession. (money in art--a large part was D. Rejected Papal authority. The Triple Alliance was a treaty between the Dutch Republic, France and Great Britain, against Spain, attempting to maintain the agreement of the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht. D. Each person must deal with God directly -- each person is his/her own priest. ~ revenue tripled, army grew 10x [35], Despite failure in Spain, Austria secured its position in Italy and Hungary, allowing it to continue expansion into areas of South-East Europe previously held by the Ottoman Empire. -- he issued the Edict of Nantes (** see treaties sheet ) Treaty of Utrecht - New World Encyclopedia AP Euro Wars timeline | Timetoast timelines [13][14][15][16][17][18], The importance placed by British negotiators on commercial interests was demonstrated by their demand for France to "level the fortifications of Dunkirk, block up the port and demolish the sluices that scour the harbour, [which] shall never be reconstructed".
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