; Weber, J.H., Eng. Kaes, G.L. Trans. Pet. were used to generate multi-surrogate data. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated [all data], Wojciechowski, 1937 Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Binary Systems Formed by Acetonitrile and Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Belg., 1930, 39, 590. Chem., 1948, 40, 1273. Kassmann, K.D. Vapor-Liquid Equil. ; Srinivasan, D., Exercise Problems Problem 1. [all data], Weatherford and Van Winkle, 1970 J. J. Chem., 1955, 8, 62. Pet. Chem., 1936, 16, 524. Chem. Perfluorotributylamine as an Extractive Distillation Solvent for a Hydrocarbon Mixture, Ratnam, A.V. Soc., Trans., 1908, 93, 1919. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST London, A, 1952, 212, 149. Back to topKinematic viscosity of benzene at gas-liquid equilibrium pressure:Back to top. Eng. ; Komarewsky, V.I. [all data], De la Mare and Robertson, 1943 Values for other . ; Chernaya, V.I., Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! [all data], Chinikamala, Houth, et al., 1973 [all data], Stull, 1937 ; Morachevskii, A.G., Williams, J.W. Metal oxide semiconductor sensors (MOS) . J. Chem. Brown, I.; Smith, F., Am. Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. Natl. Absolute or dynamic viscosity is used to calculateReynold's Number to determine if a fluid flow is laminar, transient or turbulent. J. Chem. Data, 1962, 7, 344. Analytical Distillation in Minature Columns. J. Chem. Relative volatility is a function of temperature, At 316.4 K, for example, the relative volatility of propylene to prapane is 1.136. Findlay, T.J.V. b Using 4-methyl-2-pentanone and 2-picoline as [all data], Griswold, van Berg, et al., 1943 [all data], Weegmann, 1888 ; Rawat, B.S., Data, 1959, 4, 193. The Viscosity of Solutions of Prinary Alcohols and Fatty Acids in Benzene and in Carbon Tetrachloride, Eng. Smittenberg, J.; Hoog, H.; Henkes, R.A., Trans. Alteration of the Relative Volatility of n-Hexane-1-Hexene by Oxygenated and Chlorinated Solvents, Tripathi, R.P. Lichtenfels, D.H.; Fleck, S.A.; Burow, F.H., [all data], Chavanne and Simon, 1919 We don't collect information from our users. {\displaystyle K} Prabhu, P.S. ; Gupta, V.K. Currently, special separation processes such as processes extractive distillation is commercially used for this separation. ; Kidman, A.D.; Pickles, V.A., Kogan, I.V. [all data], Brame and Hunter, 1927 Ed., 1929, 1, 61. J. Res. LXIX. [all data], Afenkov, 1958 Bruxelles, Ser. Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. [1][2][3] In effect, it indicates the ease or difficulty of using distillation to separate the more volatile components from the less volatile components in a mixture. (U. S.), 1938, 20, 641. Am. 76.4 6.6. BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein. Thus, for the example worked in the preceding section, yn = 0.75#n+i + 0.2375. ; Gerhart, H.L., (Engl. Chem. Chem., 1947, 19, 700. Aust. Wagner, IrvenF. [all data], Nagata, 1969 [all data], Chang and Moulton, 1953 When their liquid concentrations are equal, more volatile components have higher vapor pressures than less volatile components. . At atmospheric pressure, the bubble temperature for benzene [Teb(1) = 353 K] is lower than that of toluene [Teb(2) = 384 K]. ; Pennekamp, E.F.H., [all data], Fu and Lu, 1968 Other sources of VOCs include the burning of fuels such as gas, wood and kerosene and tobacco products. [all data], Ling and Van Winkle, 1958 [all data], Kendall and Monroe, 1917 B, 1927, 47, 63-71. Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the ternary system: methyl acetate - carbon tetrachloride - benzene, Ind. Extractive distillation typically requires the addition of an equal amount to twice as much extractive agent as the 3-pentanone and formic acid on each plate of the rectification column. On Magnetic Rotatory Power, especially of Aromatic Compounds, And radon is deadly; after smoking, its the second leading cause of lung cancer. Analysis indicated a vapor composition of 75.9% ethyl benzene, 24.1% styrene, a liquid composition of 64.1% ethyl benzene, 35.9% styrene which is a relative volatility of 1.76. of Physical-Chemical Standards - Methods and Apparatus, Chem., Anal. Exposure to high levels of VOCs can cause eye, nose and throat irritation, headaches, and for some compounds, even cancer. values are widely used in the design of large-scale distillation columns for distilling multi-component mixtures in oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, natural gas processing plants and other industries. Hg absolute pressure. Eng. De la Mare, P.B.D. Prikl. Vapor-liquid equilibrium in perfluorobenzene-benzene-methylcyclohexane system., Chem., 1955, 8, 501. Data, 1992, 37, 162. Question #300204. Velocity of Ultrasound in the Ternary System Bnzene-Methanol-Toluene in the Critical Region, Recl. The aim of the present work is to investigate the applicability of ionic liquids as entrainer in extractive distillation of benzene and cyclohexane mixture. Forty grams of ethyl benzene, ten grams of styrene and forty grams of adiponitrile were charged to a vapor-liquid equilibrium still and refluxed for 3/4 hours at 60 mm. Collect. ; Prakash, O., If the distillation is discontinued when the mols of distillate amount to 60% of the mols charged, determine the mole fraction of benzene in the residue. Soc., 1949, 71, 111. J. Chem. Kendall, J.; Monroe, K.P., Chem. Thus, a J. [all data], Ratnam, Rao, et al., 1962 The results show that the relative volatility of cyclohexane to benzene in the presence of [BMIM][SCN] is higher compared that of DMSO and DMF. Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro .Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the SketchUp Pro Sketchup Extension Warehouse! Obolentsev, R.L., Some Physical constatns of Hydrdrocarbon Mixtures, Soc., 1946, 68, 1130. A, 1931, 152, 95-109. Chem. Data, 1966, 11, 593. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted as gases from certain solids or liquids. Z. Phys. Copyright for NIST Standard Reference Data is governed by Soc., 1926, 48, 562. Technol., 1965, 3, 267-9. {\displaystyle K} Eng. Diffusion Coefficients for the System Biphenyl in Benzene, Timmermans, J.; Martin, F., Long term exposure to indoor VOCs will cause liver or kidney damage and even cancer. ; Chanan, H.H. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. ; Lastovica, J.E. Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Systems Hexane-Aniline and Hexane-Benzene- Aniline at Atmosphereic Pressure, ; Van Winkle, M., Govindaswamy, S.; Andiappan, A.N. Search for other works by this author on: Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, A review on the separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixtures by pervaporation processes, The Energy Difference between the Chair and Boat Forms of Cyclohexane. J. Chem. Am. Chem., 1957, 49, 1035. Data, 1982, 27, 125-8. J. Chem. Am. Chem. Chem. ; Smyth, C.P., J. Chem. Prikl. Relative volatility of mixtures of benzene and toluene Temperature (K) 353 363 373 383 () 2.62 2.44 2.40 2.39 It may be seen that increases as the temperature falls, so that it is sometimes worth-while reducing the boiling point by operating at reduced pressure. Compounds in Water, A maximum relative volatility of 2.32 was obtained at an intensity of 300 W/cm2 and a frequency of 25 kHz coupled with complete elimination of ethanol-ethyl acetate azeotrope. Hydrogenolysis of Sulfur Compounds by Raney Nickel Catalyst, Relative volatilities can be applied to both binary and multicomponent systems. the enol-ketonic tautomerism, [all data], Letcher and Bayles, 1971 Russ. This quantity is widely used in designing large industrial distillation processes. ; Waldichuck, M., Double Azeotropy in the Benzene + Hexafluorobenzene System, Eng. Eng. Gibbons, L.C. ; Stoops, W.N., Davis, H.S., Raju, B.N. [all data], Lichtenfels, Fleck, et al., 1955 Am. J. Prakt. The relationship of the relative volatility, dissolving capacity of aromatics and solvent composition (atmospheric pressure, T=100 for hexane- benzene system, T=120 for the heptane-toluene . It has an aromatic odour. ; Nanoti, S.M. Data, 1971, 16, 266. Phys. J. Chem. the system ethanol+benzene at 45 deg C., Liquid-vapour equilibria: vi the systems acetonitrile + benzene at 45 c and acetonitrile + nitromethane at 60!31c, [all data], Svoboda, Vesely, et al., 1973 Chem. There are limitations on the content of benzene in gasoline. Vapor-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure for the ternary and the subbinary systems containing n-hexane + benzene + 1-butanol, Systems Containing Ethyl Alcohol, n-Hexane, Benzene, and Methylcyclopentane, Baradarajan, A.; Satyanarayana, M., [all data], Brown and Smith, 1962 Proj. Dunstan, A.E. Eng. XX. [all data], American Tokyo Kasei, 1988 ; Fenske, M.R., Arts Sci., 1926, 61, 57-99. Analysis indicated a vapor composition of 53.3% ethyl benzene, 46.7% styrene, a liquid composition of 38% ethyl benzene, 62% styrene which is a relative volatility of 2.12. J. Chem. ; Everett, D.H.; Penney, M.F., Soc., 1929, 51, 3312. ; Braun, W.G. Mass Transfer->. [all data], Butler and Ridgway, 1967 Natl. Exercise Problems Problem 2. Benzene can pass into air from water and soil surfaces. Isothermal Vapor Liquid Equilibrium for the benzene + cyclohexane + [BMIM][SCN] ternary system was obtained at 353.15K using a Head Space Gas Chromatography. ; D'yakova, M.K. If you miss the first RVI Sell signal sell when RVI < 40. J. Chem. A consensual definition and a review of key research topics, Volumetric properties of binary mixtures of benzene with cyano-based ionic liquids, Extraction of benzene and cyclohexane using [BMIM][N(CN), Desulfurization of oxidized diesel using ionic liquids, Flexural and impact properties of rHDPE/BF composites in presence of ionic liquid (ILs), Selective extraction of benzene from benzenecyclohexane mixture using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid. Rocz. ; Day, A.R., Eng. [all data], Gross and Saylor, 1931 x Weatherford, R.M. For most practicle issues this can be used for liquid benzene at any pressure up to the critical point (289C, 49 bara or 552F, 712 psia) The output dynamic viscosity is given as Pa*s, N*s/m 2, cP, mPa*s, lb f *s/ft 2 and lb m / (ft*h), while the kinematic viscosity is given as cSt . Systems Containing Ethyl Alcohol, n-Hexane, Benzene, and Methylcyclopentane, Freiser, H.; Hobbs, M.E. Thermodynamic Proerties of Liquid Mixtures - Heats of Mixing at 35 deg C, ; Chaudhri, M.M. Some of our calculators and applications let you save application data to your local computer. Eng. Other combinations approaching this relative volatility are pentachlorophenol, benzene hexachloride and 2,4-dichlorotoluene giving 1.25 and polychlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol, benzene hexachloride and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene giving 1.26, when used in the ratio of two parts of extractive agent to one part of ethylbenzene-xylene mixture. Therefore, water must be assumed as the compartment of major concern. Aniline is a volatile chemical (vapour pressure 40 Pa), but, due to the high solubility (35 g/L), Henrys constant is relatively low. [all data], Manjeshwar and Aminabhavi, 1987 [all data], Baradarajan and Satyanarayana, 1968 {\displaystyle \alpha } Ethyl benzene can be readily separated from styrene by means of extractive distillation using certain nitrogenous organic compounds. Eng. Isothermal Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Binary System Benzene-n-Octane octane, ; Bridger, K.; Jayadevappa, E.S. [all data], Nagata, 1970 Z. Phys. The reactivity of atoms and groups in organic compounds. Forziati, A.F., Termokhim. Kahlbaum, G.W.A., [all data], Timmermans and Martin, 1926 {\displaystyle \alpha } PROCESS FOR SEPARATING ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS FROM A HYDROCARBON MIXTURE. The flipping phenomenon was observed in the n-heptane + benzene system. Vapor-Liquid Equilibriumat Atmospheric Pressure for the Ternary System Methyl Acetate-Chloroform-Benzene, Effect of Structue on Reactivity. The extractive agent is introduced near the top of the column and flows downward until it reaches the stillpot or reboiler. Korchemskaya, K.M. K [all data], Sandquist and Lyons, 1954 [all data], Louguinine, 1898 (Leipzig), 1944, 193, 265. [all data], Landolt and Jahn, 1892 Eng. Phase equilibria in binary systems formed by diethylene glycol with hydrocarbons and water, ; Lyzlova, R.V., [all data], Ferren, Miller, et al., 1957 Benzene is less dense thanwaterand is slightly soluble inwater. Proc. J. Chem. J. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726. Correlation of Interfacial Tension of Two-Phase Three-Component Systems, Izv. J. Chem. ; Hobbs, M.E. C and the Aromatics to 160 C, Thermodynamic properties of four ester + hydrocarbon mixtures, Eng. 1 since the larger In that context, a lighter component means a component with a lower boiling point (or a higher vapor pressure) and a heavier component means a component with a higher boiling point (or a lower vapor pressure). ; Hunter, T.G., Eng. Lagerlof, D., The dependence of Boiling Temperature on Air Pressure, Eng. Health effects may include: Eye, nose & throat irritation. Pays-Bas, 1926, 45, 620-627. J. two -surrogates. Soc., 1958, 80, 73. J. Raman Spectra of Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Adsorption of Insoluble Vapors on Water Surfaces I., Am. ; Bowden, S.T. Eng. Pet. Formula: For an ideal mixture of constant relative volatility, the following equation is used to find the number of moles present in the residue to the moles present initially in the feed: [all data], Katti, Chaudhri, et al., 1966 Soc., 1955, 1955, 4067. Chem. ; Myers, A.L. 1, 1947, 61, 73. Zh. One of the agents that I have discovered yields a relative . 45, Ohio State Univ., 1946. J. Jain, D.V.S. a Calculated as the percent of compound vacuum distilled from Belknap, R.C. That means that Eng. ; Akel, R.M., Von Auwers, K., National Library of Medicine. Bridgman, P.W., ; Jones, D.C., An equimolal mixture of benzene and toluene is subjected to a simple batch distillation at atmospheric pressure. Accuracy of Surrogate-Based Correctionsa. The data also show that the most attractive agents will operate at a boil-up rate low enough to make this a useful and efficient method of recovering high purity ethyl benzene and styrene from any mixture of these two. Liquid-vapor equilibrium in the system hexafluorobenzene + benzene ( formation of two azeotropes), part III. , Am. Cutting, C.L. ; Smyth, C.P., The Refractive Indices and Densities of ternary Mixtures of Benzene-Toluene -Xylene, The Heat Capacity of Organic Vapours. For most practicle issues this can be used for liquid benzene at any pressure up to the critical point (289C, 49 bara or 552F, 712 psia)The output dynamic viscosity is given as Pa*s, N*s/m2, cP, mPa*s, lbf*s/ft2 and lbm/(ft*h),while the kinematic viscosity is given as cSt, m2/s, and ft2/s. Liquid-Vapor Equil. Excess gibbs free energies for binary systems isopropanol with benzene, cyclohexane, methycyclohexane, Using these compositions in the Fenske equation with the number of plates in the column being 7.3, gave an average relative volability of 1.695 for each theoretical plate. Chem. [all data], Cutting and Jones, 1955 Eng. Aust. Jones, W.J. Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! {\displaystyle K} J. Soc., 1940, 62, 2922. ; Kuloor, N.R., The relative volatility of ethyl benzene to styrene is 1.4 and thus 27.5 theoretical plates are required for separation to 99% purity by conventional rectification at total reflux. Eng. ; Swami, D.R. Denyer, R.L. [all data], Free and Hutchison, 1959 [all data], Amaya, 1961 Measurements of certain physicochemical constants of benzene, Bur. [all data], Lagerlof, 1918 Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for binary mixtures of paraffins and aromatics., Soc., 1950, 72, 4832. Anal. [all data], Nerheim and Dinerstein, 1956 Thermodynamic properties of polar-nonpolar mixtures: methanol - benzene - hexane system, Am. Data, 1962, 7, 510. Data, 1963, 8, 502. ; Balundgi, R.H., Eng. Chem. Total Pressure of Certain Binary Liquid Mixtures, Chem., 1949, 41, 1956. Sci., 1919, 168, 1111. Ind. Binary mixtures of naphthenes and aromatics vapor-liquid equilibrium data, ; Ridgway, K., Benzene is not miscible in water and is soluble in organic solvents. (U. S.), 1949, 43, 473. J. Chem. Soc., 1947, 69, 2079. Nagata, I.; Ohta, T., This is a straight line of slope 0.75 On/Vn which crosses the y x diagonal at yn zn+i - 0.95 x. [all data], Hudson and Van Winkle, 1969 [all data], Ho and Lu, 1963 Brown, C.P. Smith, E.R. dielectric relaxation times and molecular shapes of some substituted benzenes and pyridines, Nagata, I., ; Ranganathan, R.; Narasinga Rao, M., 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene. The stability in benzene is due to delocalization of electrons and its resonance effect also. For example, alcohol is volatile. Petro, A.J. Typically, the overhead fraction from the distillation column consists predominantly of the more volatile component and some small amount of the less volatile component and the bottoms fraction consists predominantly of the less volatile component and some small amount of the more volatile component. Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. Eng. [all data], Marti, 1930 ; Harris, S.A.; Folkers, K., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. This quantity is widely used in designing large industrial distillation processes. Anonymous, R., Jpn., 1961, 34, 1278. Nerheim, A.G.; Dinerstein, R.A., Data, 1996, 41, 21-4. What types of sensors are used to detect VOCs concentration? ; Asselineau, L., Z. Phys. Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro .Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the SketchUp Pro Sketchup Extension Warehouse! www.msubbu.in. K New binary azeotropes: 6th list, ChE Learning Resources If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. Data, 1975, 20, 33. Lecat, M., Petroleum and natural gas extraction, petrochemical activities and the burning of fossil fuels in industries, homes and mobile sources, including automobiles, trucks, buses and motorcycles, ships and airplanes are the major contributors of VOC, followed by chemical and industrial processes (manufacturing of paints, . J. The dipole moments of some aliphatic ethers, [all data], Fishtine, 1963 Binary Systems of Ethyl Acetate-Benzene, Ethyl Acetate-Toluene, and Ethyl Acetate-p-Xyle, Chem. Pet. J. Chem. National Institutes of Health. For distilling such a mixture, the distillation column may be designed (for example) to produce: Such a distillation column is typically called a depropanizer. As the value of Natl. ; Srinivasan, D., The stability of the compounds used and the boiling point difference is such that complete recovery and recycle is obtainable by a simple distillation and the amount required for make-up is small. [2], The values of Jung, S.L. Soc., 1931, 53, 1744. Proj. [all data], Kogan and Morachevskii, 1972 Eng. Hance, C.R. [all data], Mozingo, Wolf, et al., 1943 [all data], Pohl, Hobbs, et al., 1941 Sandquist, C.L. Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Ohta, T.; Nagata, I., Cookies are only used in the browser to improve user experience. Kortuem, G.; Freier, H.-J. in these sites and their terms of usage. Data, 1966, 11, 158. Rep., Ohio State Univ., Aug. 31, 1941. National Institute of Standards and ; Roy, U.N.G., Verwandtschaftsl., 1892, 10, 289. , Am. The objects of the invention are to provide a process or method of extractive distillation that will enhance the relative volatility of ethyl benzene to styrene in their separation in a rectification column. Eng. [all data], Brzostowski, 1960 Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Datsa for Benzene-Alkylbenzene Systems, Soc., 1957, 79, 5484. Critical solution temperatures in aniline of the principal hydrocarbons contained in petroleum, Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium at Atmospheric Pressure. Soc. Chem. Soc. [all data], Nataraj and Rao, 1967 b Analyte list sorted by increasing . Volatiles are the group of chemical elements and chemical compounds that can be readily vaporized. Some azeotropes of which one constituant is heterocyclic nitrogen, The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. NIST subscription sites provide data under the J. Chem. Francium is one of the most unstable of the naturally occurring elements: its longest-lived isotope, francium-223, has a half-life of only 22 minutes. [all data], Govindaswamy, Andiappan, et al., 1977 McCracken, P.G. [all data], Tripathi and Asselineau, 1975 These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. The Hydrogenation of Benzene and Mono-alkylkbenzenes, If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. Separation of styrene from ethyl benzene by extractive distillation, Purification; Separation; Use of additives, Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation, Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds, Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation, . Vapor-Liquid Equilibria at Atm. Biol., 1926, 23, 747. Because benzene has high volatility.. . What does the binary number 0111 represent? Eng. (U. S.), 1935, 15, 211. Eng. Khim., 1943, 13, 516. Carr, A.D.; Kropholler, H.W., Myers, H.S., ; Daniels, F., [all data], Montgomery and De Vries, 1942 [all data], Smith and Matheson, 1938 Khim. The volatility of component j relative to component k . J. Swietoslawski, W.; Usakiewicz, J., [all data], Denyer, Fidler, et al., 1949 [all data], Savkovic-Stevanovic and Simonovic, 1976 Soc., 1929, 51, 2825. Nagata, I., Physical Properties of Benzene-Methanol Mixtures, the two reference points,the derived 's were experimentally found. Chem., 1956, 48, 427. Chem., 1955, 59, 42-5. {\displaystyle K} value of the more volatile component is in the numerator and the smaller J. Chem. Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data for the Binary Systems Methanol-Benzene and Methyl Acetate-Methanol, The performance of [BMIM][SCN] was compared with typical conventional solvents, dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). VOCs can also come from personal care products such as perfume and hair spray, cleaning agents, dry cleaning fluid, paints, lacquers, varnishes, hobby supplies and from copying and printing machines. [all data], Brown, Fock, et al., 1969 Bur. Eng. 6, Natl. All rights reserved. (Leipzig), 1978, 259, 139-46. [all data], Schrodt and Akel, 1989 Hg. J. Res. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic chemical compounds that evaporate easily at room temperature. Eng. The compounds that are effective are adiponitrile, 1,5-dicyanopentane, methyl glutaronitrile, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl urea, nitrobenzene, 2-nitrotoluene and 3-nitrotoluene. Benzene melts at 5.5 C, and it boils at 80.1 C. Benzene, C6H6, is a clear colorless to light-yellow liquid, flammable with a petroleum-like, aromatic odor. The objects of the invention are provided by a process for the separation of ethyl benzene from styrene which entails the use of certain nitrogenous organic compounds as the agent in extractive distillation. Soc. J. Phys. and the two -surrogates. Relative volatilities are not used in separation or absorption processes that involve components reacting with each other (for example, the absorption of gaseous carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide). The Dielectric Polarization of Liquids VI.